Fluid pressure brake



y www ,STATES Patented Jan. 2e, 1932 PATENT QrIF'MJAETr THOMAS n. THOMAS; DncEAsEn, `Lirica or nncaauvoon,` PENNSYLVANIA, BY Manns HM.

f "THOMASQEXEGUTRIX, `on Eneiiwoon PENNsYn-vnNINrAssIGNoR 1rro THE WEs'r- INGHOUSEAIRBRAKE COMPANY, on vv'ILMnnDING,` PENNSYLVANIA, A CORPORA- Tiener PENNSYLVANIA AFLUID riaissunn Bianka c A@ `Applicatie 1aed october 1e, 192e. ,seriaiNo. 4110,826.

This invention relates to fluid pressure,

brakes, and "more particularly to a brake `equipment having means for regulating the `rate of buildup of brake cylinder pressure duringen emergency application of the brakes.`

' `Ithas heretofore been proposed to provide la fluid pressure `brake equipment in `which in an emergency application Vof thebrakes,

airinitial inshot ofmiluid` under pressure is supplied to the brake cylinder, Which is suflicentto inovethe brake cylinder piston out Earmer, No. 1,585,774,1ssued May `25, 1926. l) Oiicbbjectof the inventionfis to provide anA improve-d and simplified fluid pressure brake a and nbring the brake shoes into engavement With the car wheels. `This is followed by supplyingwiuid `under pressure tothe brake cylinder ata slow rate for a time interval suiiicientfto`- perinit the brakes to be gradually applied kthroughout the `train.` Finally, after tliegbrake cylinder pressure has been graduallybuilt up `to a predetermineddegree, a inal vinshot ofiluid-under pressure `is supplicdtc the brake cylinder, in order to providethe desired highdegree ofbrake cylinder `pressureinan emergency a plicationfof the brakes). An e( uipinentof .t "e above characteris disclose 1n the prior pateutjof C. C.

equipmentof the above character.`

Other objects` and advantages Will appear in `the following. more detailed description lof theinvention. i l

i inthe accompanyingdrawings; F ig. 11s a diagrammatic ifievv, mainly in section, of a` fluid?` pressure brakeV equipment embodying ytheinvention; Fig.`.2 a fragmentarysectional JA. A

view,fshowing the release controlling valve in its lovvpressureposition; and Fig: 3is a fraginentary sectional view, showing the release controlllng valve 1n its hlglrpressure position.

As `shown in Fig. 1, `the equipment may `comprise!a `triple valve device 1, aniemergency valve dev`1ce2, an lnshot valve dev1ce3,

a delay ,valve device4,. a brake cylinder `5,

a release controlling valve device 6, and av brake pipe 7. y

.Thertriple valve device l inayl'itconiprise a.

`casinghavi1`1g a piston chamber 8, connected through passage 9 with `brake pipe 7, and

containing piston 10, and a valvechamber l11,

`connected through passage`12 with an auxili- 7 and containing piston` 17 and having a i valve chamber 18,9 connected through passage 19 with a `quick action chamber 20 and `containing a main slide valve 21, anda graduating 'slide ivalveV 22,adapted to beoperated by piston 17. a a .e T,

Y, The inshotvalvedevice 3 coinprisesa valve Y piston 23 liavingjthe chamber 24 atone side connected to a passage 25leadingto the seat of slide valve121.,` The valve piston 23 adapted in its down position to engage aseat rib26` and is urgedto this position by a coil spring 27. The valve piston 23 carries a stem 28, to `Whicliis secured a piston lvalve` 29, and the `chamber `3() intermediate hthe `piston valve 29. and the valve .piston 23 isconnected, through passages 31 and 32 with pipe `33, leadingto brake cylinder 5. ,i y i `The fdelay valve device 4` comprises a. valvel piston havinga valve seat 92` adapted to 'en-` gage a seat rib`34 in its upposition and said. valve piston is urged to its up'position vby a coil spring 35. j i .i The chamber 36` atthe lovve1""ace of the valve pistoni4` is connected to a passage 37 leading'` tothe. seat of slide valve 21. An

emergency reservoir 38 is connectedthrough passage 39 With chamber 40 at the upper face. of the valve. piston 4, and said chamber. is also. connected toapassage 41, leading to the seat ofslidefvalve21. "lherelease controlling valvedevice ilcomprises acasmg having a valve chamber 42 connected to a passage`43, leadingto the seat of slide .valve 14 `and containing a rotary Vslide valve 44, having an operating. stein 45,

which 'carries a vvheel 46"adapted to be oper. ated `from a remote point by :means of a cablefnot shovvn).l V .s l Q y .A `loyv`.1`pressure retaining v alve 47 is mounted in valve cl1amber'48 and is'subject to the pressure cfa coil spring 49, "said valve controlling communication from a passage 50, leading to the seat of rotary valve 44,

to chamber 48, which is open to the atmos-v phere through a restricted port 51.

A high v,pressure retaining valve 52 is mounted in valve chamber 53 and is subject to the pressure of a coil spring 54, said valve controlling 'communication *from a `passage 55, leading tothe seat of rotary valve` 44, to valvechamber 53, Which is open to the atmosphere, through a restricted port 56.

In operation, When the brake pipe 7 is charged With fluid under pressure in tlieusual manner, fluid flows from the brake pipe through passage 9 to piston chamber 8 of the triple valve device 1 `and shifts piston 1() to release position, as s hoWn in the drawings, Fluid .then flows from piston chamber 8, through passage 58, past check valve 59, and through passage to valve chamber 11, and from valve chamber 1'1, throughrpassage 12 tothe auxiliary reservoir 13, thus charging the auxiliaryreservoir 13, and the valve cham ber 11.

Fluid alsolows from passage 58, past check valve 61 to passage G2, which is connected through -pipe 63 and passagev 39 With the emergency reservoir 38, so that the emergency reservoir is charged with ritluid under pressure. I`Fluid under pressure flows 'from the lbralrepip'e7, throughpassage 57 yto piston chamber 16 of the emergency valve device 2 and shifts the piston 17 to release position, as shown inthe drawing.

p In-release position, fluid flows from piston chamber 16,through passage V64, past check valve 65, to passage 66 Yand then to valve Chamber 18, and from valve chamber 18, through passage 19 to jquick action chamber 20, so that said chambers are charged With fluid at brake pipe pressure.

With the rotary lvalve l440i the release controlling valve device 6 in direct release position, as Vshown in yFig. 1,"valve chamber 42 'is connectedythrough a port 67 with an atmospheric exhaust port 68, Iand with the triple valve device in release position, the brake cylinder 5 is connected to the atmosphere, through pipe 33, passage 69, cavity 70 in `sl-idel valve 14 andi-passage 43, which opens to valve @chamber 42.

. vvWith the rerrlelgenclr Valve 'devceg in lease position, chamber 24 at the upper face o'f the inshot valve piston 23'is supplied With Huid under pressure from the emergency reservoir' 38, through passage 39, chamber 40, passage v'41,cavity 71 in slide valve 21, and passage 25. Chamber 36 at the lower VJface of the ,delay valve piston 4 is also 'charged' Withfiuid at emergency reservoir pressure, through cavity 71 and passage 37.

Upon making a gradual reduction inY brake pipe pressure to e'e'ct a service application of thebrakes, the., triple valve piston 10 is moved to a service position, Wherefthe piston engages the spring sto-p 72 and in which the port 73 in the main slide valve 14 registers with passage 69, said port having been previously uncovered by the preliminary movement of the graduating valve 15. Fluid under pressure is then supplied to the brake cylinder 5 in the usual manner to eliect a service Y application o-the brakes.

The gradual reduction in, brake pipe pressure on the emergency piston 17 causes said piston to move into engagement With the spring stop 74, in Which movement port 75 in the graduating valve 22 registers With port 7 6 in the slide valve 21.

Port 7 6 registers with a passage 77 leading to the atmosphere, through a restricted port 78, so that fluid under pressure is vented from the valve chamber 18 and the quick action chamber 20, at the same rate as the brake pipe pressure is reduced. The piston 17 is thus prevented from moving to emergency position, When a gradual reduction in brake pipe pressure'is elected.

When thebrake pipe pressure is suddenly reduced at an emergency rate, the triple valve piston 10 moves to emergency position, in which the slidelvalve 14 blanks passage 69, so that the triple valve device does not oper- Vate in emergency to supply. liu-id under pressure to the brake cylinder.

Upon a. sudden reduction in. 'brake pipe pressure, the emergency piston' 17 moves out to emergency position, overcoming the resistance of the spring lstop 74, and slide valve 21 is shifted Vto a position in Which cavity 7 9 in the slide valvev 21 connects passage 25 with exhaust passage 7 7 .i Cavity 71 in the slide valve 21 connects passage 41 With passage which is connected to chamber 30, through an annular recess'81, having a plurality of openings 82, leading to said chamber. Y

Fluid underpressure romthe emergency reservoir 38 is thus supplied to chamber 30 at a rapid rate and rtlovvs to the brake cylinder 5, through passages 31and 32.' Fluid under pressure is also supplied to the brake cylin der from the auxiliary reservoir 13, through pipe 63, passage 83, cavity 71, and passage mined degree, sufticientto overcome the presH sure of Spring 27, the valve piston 23 is shifted, so that the valve seat is moved from the seat rib A26. The full area of the valve piston 23 is no7 exposed to brake cylinder pressure, and the valve piston is consequently shifted promptly to its up position. In this position, the piston 29 lcuts Aoff direct com- Las/12,482

fniuiiicatin from the ports 82 to passage 31,

i and las `these .ports now open at the underface of the piston 29, fluid can `only flow from passage topassage 31 by `wayof a restrict;-

`airport-184 through the piston.` Fluid under pressure is now supplied `only at a restricted rate toftl'iebiake cylinder,;\`as determined by l. the size of therestricted port 84.

Inthe emergency position .of thenslide valve 21, a through port registers with" "passage 37,1.:so that chamber 36, below the valvepiston 4 isconnectcd to valve chamber 18, The valvechainberlS ,and the quick action chamber `2d are connected," through a port `.86,in slide valve21'witha passage ,87,

`havingfcommunication .with `the. atmosphere, through a restrictedport 88, so thatfluid undei pressure in the valve chamber 18, the quick action chamber 20, and in chamber 36 is slowly vented to the atmosphere at` arate determinedby the restricted port 8.8,.`

. The inner seated area at the upper face of valve piston 41 is subject `to brake cylinder pressure, as supplied through passage 32 and toemergency reservoir pressure ac ting'iny chamber 40at theoutei' area of the valvexpis- `ton and when the fluid pressure below the Valve `piston has beenv reduced to a predetermined degree `andthe brakecylinder pressurelias been increased to. a predetermined degreey the `fluid pressures acting on the upper :face of the valvepiston willovercome the reduced `fluid pressure acting in chamber B6 andythe pressure of spring `35, andthe valve piston will be shifted downwardly, so

that communication is opened from the; einer` gency reservoir, as well as from the auxiliary reservoir `to the-brake cylinder, such that a rapid `flow-of fluid under pressure to thev brake cylindergiseffected.` l f It will now Vbe seen that in ellecting an emergency application ofthe brakes, a quickV inshot of fluid under pressure is initially supplied from the emergency reservoir and the auxiliary reservoir to the brake cylinder, the `pressure being sufficient to move the `brake cylinder piston out and canse the brake shoes to engage the wheels. This "is followed by a slow build up of brake cylinder pressure `during atime interval suiiicientV to permit the brakes to be gradually applied throughout the train, but not with such force as to cause severe shocks. Finally, after the brake. cylinder pressure has been gradually built up to a predetermined degreea final rapid inshot of fluid under pressure is admitted to the brake cylinder', in order to providethe desired high degree of brake cylinder pressure in an emergency application of the' brakes.

Referring to the release controlling valveV device"6,if thefi'otary valve 44 is set to the position shown in Fig. 1, the brake cylinder exhaust passage 43 is connected tothe atmospheric exhaust port 68, so that inreleas-` *inder at a rapid rate,

ing the brakes, the fluid under pressure in the brake cylinderis completely exhausted from the brake cylinder.,` l o M If itis desired to retaiira low pressure in the brake cylinder in releasingthe brakes, the iotaryvalve 44is setto the lowpressure position shown in Fig. 2, iii whichport in the rotary valve 44 connects chamber 42 with passage 50. The retaining valve spring 49 is adjusted fortlie desired low pressure, so that f' the retaining valve 47 `closes when-.the brake Y cylinder pressure` has been reduced by flow through the restricted poitl `51, to; saidlow v pressure. il U l i.

To retain a higher pressure in the `brake cylinder, the rotary valvei44 issetto the high pressure position,A as shown `inFigw, iii

which poit 91 inthe rotary valve registers `by Letters Patent, is

1. In a fluid pressurebrake, thecoinbination' with a brakegpipe, a source of fluidunder pressure, and abrake cylinderof a valvedeV vice operatedupon a suddenieductioii in brake pipe pressure forapplying fluid` under pressure from said source to'thebrake cylsaid valve device beingl operated upon a predetermined increase in brake cylinder vpressure for restricting. the rate offlow `of fluid from said source to the brake cylinder. A w

2. In afluid pressure brake, the combina`- tion with a brake pipe,a source of fluid under "pressure, and` abrake cylinderfof valve means for controlling the supply of` fluid under pressure from said-source to thebrake cylinder, `and a valve device operated only upon a suddenzreduction of brake pipe pres-1 sure for supplying fluid under pressure from saidjsource to said Avalvemeansysaid` valve means being operated `upon a predetermined `increase in. brake cylinder pressure for ref-1 stricting therate .offlowlof fluid from said source to the brake cylinder.`

,73.7Ina fluid pressure brake, theicoiiibina-l` l tion witha brake pipe,a source of fluid under pressure, and a brake cylinder, ofa service valve device operated uponA algradual reduc tionv in brake pipe ,pressure for supplying' fluid `under pressure` tothe brakecylinderV a valvedevice operated upon a sudden reduc tion in brake pipe `pressure for supplying fluid under pressure,` fromsaid source to the brake cylinder, `and valve-mean`s operated upon an increasein brake cylinder `pressure iie for restricting the rate'of flow of .luidfrom saidsourcelto the brake cylinder.

4. In a fluid pressure brake, the combination with a brake pipe, a source .of fluid under pressure-anda brake cylinder, of' a service valve device operated upon a gradual reduction in brake pipe pressure for supplying fluid underpressure to the brake cylinder, a valve device ,operated upon a. sudden .reduction in brake pipe pressure for"supplying fluid under pressurefrom said source tothe brakecylinder, and valve meansnormally establishing communication through which fluid under pressure is supplied to the brake cylinder by saidyalve device and operating upon a predetermined increase in brak-e cylinder pressure lfor restricting the rate of flow of fluid from said source to the brake cylinder. 5; Ina fluid pressure brake, the combination with a brake pipe,bralre cylinder, and auxiliary reservoir, oi' Van .emergency reser'# voir normally charged with ffluid under pressure, a service valve device operatedvupon a gradual reduction in brake pipe pressure for supplying fluid-under pressure from the 'auX- iliary reservoir to the brake cylinder-and an emergency valve device operated upon asud'- den-reduction in brake pipe Vpressure Y for supplyinglluid under pressure from-the auxiliary reservoir and the emergencyl reservoir toi-the brake cylinder.

Infailuid pressure brake, thecombina tion rwith a brake pipe, brake cylinder, and auxiliary zreservoir, of anemergency reservoir, normally?` charged With fluid under pressure,a service valve device operatedupon a gradual reduction-in brake vpipe pressure for supplying fluid under pressure from the auxiliaryreservoir tothe brake cylinder, an emergency -valve device operated upon a sudden reduction in brake pipepressure for supplying iluidunderpressurer from the auX- iliary reservoir and the emergency reservoir tothe brake cylinder, and valve means operated upon a predetermined increase in brake cylinderpressure for restricting communi'- cation through Which said emergency valve device supplies-fluid under pressure to theV brake cylinder.

7.v In a :fluid pressure brake, the combination with a brake pipe and brake cylinder, of aeombined inshot andl cut-olf' valve device for controlling the'rapid supply 'of fluid under pressure to the brake cylinder and operated upon a predetermined increase in brake cylinder pressure for cutting ofi' said rapid supply ofi fluid to the brake cylinder and valve meansoperated -upona sudden reduction in Vbrake pipe pressure for rendering said'valve device operative by a predetermined' increase in brake cylinder pressure.

8. In Aa fluid pressure brake, the combination with a brake pipe, brake cylinder, auxiliary :reservoir andemergency reservoir, 'of a combined inshot and 'cut-off valve `devioefor controlling the rapid supply of fluid Afrom both reservoirs to the brake cylinder' and operated upon a predetermined increase in the pressure of fluid supplied to the `brake cylinder for cutting olf the rapid supply of fluidto the brake cylinder, and valve means operated upon anemergency reduction in brake pipe pressure for rendering said valve device operative by a predeterminedincrease in brake cylinder pressure.

9. Ina fluid pressure brake, the combina- V tion With a brake pipe and brake cylinder, of

a valve Vdevice for controlling the rapid supply of fluid under pressure to the brake cylinder, and operated upon a predetermined increase in the pressure voi? fluid supplied to the brake cylinderl for cutting off the rapid supply of fluid to the brake cylinder, and valve means operative upon a rapid reduction in brake pipe pressure for rendering said Valve device operative by said predetermined increase in pressure.

l0. In a lluid pressure brake, the combination with a brake pipe, brake cylinder, auxiliary reservoir, and emergency reservoir, ofla valve for supplying fluid under pressure from the auxiliary reservoir and the emergency reservoir to the'brake cylinder, means operative upon a predetermined increase in the pressure of fluidvsupplie'd to the brake cylinder for effecting the closure of said valve, and valve mechanism operative upon a sudden reduction in `brake pipe pressure for rendering said means operative by said predetermined increase in pressure.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand.

MABLE M. THOMAS, Execuzrz'mof the Last lVz'ZZ and Testament of [llamas H. Thomas, Deceased. 

